Parts

Parts described in this project

Cellulopolis is centered around the engineering of Komagataiebacter rhaeticus AF1 towards the regulatable expression of bacterial cellulose for biomedical applications.

KrAF1 had not been previously engineered, thus we had to establish novel protocols for cultivation and transformation by electroporation, as well as design and construct new compatible plasmid backbones, basic parts, and composite parts.

All parts were constructed for compatibility with GoldenGate cloning with BsaI (from level 0 to level 1) or SapI (from level 1 to level 2). To the best of our knowledge, parts were registered in the parts registry, however, we are having difficulties editing the entries. As first-time iGEM participants, we hope that the judges find the entry mode acceptable.

To allow the development of the present project, we used the following iGEM parts supplied with the distribution kit:

Part namePart typeBackboneLevelSourcePlate positionantibiotic selection marker
BBa_J04452backbonepSB1C300iGEM kit plate 11Ochloramphenicol
BBa_J428346backboneBBa_J4283261AiGEM kit plate 12Kkanamycin
BBa_J428347backboneBBa_J4283261AiGEM kit plate 12Mkanamycin
BBa_J428347backboneBBa_J4283261AiGEM kit plate 14Akanamycin
BBa_J428366backboneBBa_J4283272iGEM kit plate 16Kspectinomycin
BBa_J428367backboneBBa_J4283272iGEM kit plate 16Mspectinomycin
BBa_J428369backboneBBa_J4283272iGEM kit plate 18Aspectinomycin
BBa_J428342backboneBBa_J4283261BiGEM kit plate 12Ckanamycin
BBa_J428343backboneBBa_J4283261CiGEM kit plate 12Ekanamycin
BBa_J428344backboneBBa_J4283261DiGEM kit plate 12Gkanamycin
BBa_J23104promotorpSB1C3SA0iGEM kit plate 19Pchloramphenicol
BBa_J23101promotorpSB1C3SA0iGEM kit plate 116Gchloramphenicol
BBa_J23110promotorpSB1C5SA0iGEM kit plate 113Gchloramphenicol
BBa_K2406216RBSpSB1C5SB0iGEM kit plate 115Achloramphenicol
BBa_J428092terminatorpSB1C5SD0iGEM kit plate 115Ichloramphenicol
BBF10K_003335CDSpOpen_build0Open reporters free genesA1ampicillin
BBF10K_003349CDSpOpen_build0Open reporters free genesA2ampicillin
BBF10K_003360CDSpOpen_build0Open reporters free genesC3ampicillin
BBF10K_003344CDSpOpen_build0Open reporters free genesD1ampicillin
BBF10K_003362CDSpOpen_build0Open reporters free genesE3ampicillin
BBF10K_000210CDSpOpen_build0iGEM kit plate 2FLP (E6 pl2)kanamycin
BBa_J428385AmpRBBa_J428327iGEM kit plate 110Gampicillin
BBa_J428357CmRBBa_J428326iGEM kit plate 112Achloramphenicol
BBa_J428381backboneLoop pOdd-1 vector based on pJUMP26. Origin p15A (medium copy number)0iGEM kit plate 110ikanamycin
BBa_J428382backboneLoop pOdd-2 vector based on pJUMP26. Origin p15A (medium copy number)0iGEM kit plate 110kkanamycin
BBa_J428383backboneLoop pOdd-3 vector based on pJUMP26. Origin p15A (medium copy number)0iGEM kit plate 110mkanamycin
BBa_J428384backboneLoop pOdd-4 vector based on pJUMP26. Origin p15A (medium copy number)0iGEM kit plate 110okanamycin
BBa_J23107RegulatorypSB1C3SAiGEM kit plate 116Cchloramphenicol
BBa_J23101RegulatorypSB1C3SAiGEM kit plate 116Gchloramphenicol
BBa_J428039RBSpSB1C3SBiGEM kit plate 116Echloramphenicol
BBa_Z0262RBSpSB1C3SBiGEM kit plate 116Ochloramphenicol
BBa_K3039002CodingpSB1C3CiGEM kit plate 118Mchloramphenicol
BBa_J428067CodingpSB1C3CiGEM kit plate 118Ochloramphenicol
BBa_J428069TerminatorpSB1C3SDiGEM kit plate 118Cchloramphenicol
BBa_J428089TerminatorpSB1C3SDiGEM kit plate 120Cchloramphenicol

Construction of new broad species backbones

According to multiple scientific papers, standard E. coli compatible replication origins are not functional in Komagataeibacter. Unusual chassis frequently require plasmids with broad species origins such as RK2, pBBR1 or RSF1010 (present in iGEM plasmids BBa_J428346, BBa_J428347, BBa_J428349, BBa_J428366, BBa_J428367 and BBa_J428369). Plasmids BBa_J428346, BBa_J428347, BBa_J428349 also encode the KanR marker and whereas BBa_J428366, BBa_J428367 and BBa_J428369 encode SpecR (the latter of which has not been proven effective in Komagataeibacter). Hence, the level 2 vectors supplied with the distribution kit were not compatible with our chassis. To overcome this, we designed primers JUMP_mF and JUMP_mR to amplify BBa_J428346, BBa_J428347, BBa_J428349, BBa_J428366, BBa_J428367 and BBa_J428369 excluding the KanR and SpecR selection markers. In parallel, we designed primers AmpR_F and AmpR_R to amplify the Ampicillin resistance cassette from BBa_J428385 and primers CmR_F and CmR_R to amplify the chloramphenicol resistance cassette from BBa_J428357.

Figure 1. Amplification of plasmid backbones with JUMP-mF and JUMP-mR: A.BBa_J428346, B.BBa_J428347, C.BBa_J428367, D.BBa_J428349, E.BBa_J428366 and F.BBa_J428369.

Primers used for the construction of new backbones:

Primer nameSequence
JUMP-mRGCTCTTCAGACTAGAGCGAAGTCTTCG
JUMP-mFGCTCTTCTCCTTTTCCGCTGCATAACC
AdapterTU_reD_FGGTCTCTGGAGGCTCTTCGATGCAATACGCAAACCGCCTCTC
AdapterTU_reD_RGGTCTCTCATTGCTCTTCGACCTATAAACGCAGAAAGGCCCACC
AmpR_FGCTCTTCTCCTATTTAAATTAGTAGCCCGCCTAATGAG
AmpR_RGCTCTTCAGACGACAAGGGTCGTCCAAAAAAAAAGG
CmR_FGCTCTTCTCCTATTTAAATAACAAACGGGATTGACTTTTAAAAAAGG
CmR_RGCTCTTCAGACGACCGAAGTCCCTTCAAACTTC

PCR products were purified and the backbone and the new antibiotic resistance marker with combined by GoldenGate assembly with SapI and T4 DNA ligase. Competent DH5alpha were transformed with the ligation products and transformants selected on LBamp supplemented with either ampicillin or chloramphenicol. Successful assemblies yielded plasmids encoding green fluorescence and either AmpR (BBa_K4435301 to BBa_K4435305) or CmR (BBa_K4435308 to BBa_K4435312).

Figure 2. Transformed E. coli testifying successful assemblies encoding AmpR (BBa_K4435301 to BBa_K4435305) or CmR (BBa_K4435308 to BBa_K4435312).

Our design of level 2 assembly of 4 transcriptional units requires the presence of SapI restriction with ends complementary to 5´of TU1 (pOdd1) and 3´of TU4 (pOdd4), thus we designed primers AdapterTU_reD_F and AdapterTU_reD_R and amplified the red reporter from BBa_J04452. PCR products were assembled by GoldenGate using BsaI and T4 DNA ligase with level 2 plasmids. Successful assembly yielded red colonies and original unedited plasmids yielded green colonies.

Figure 3. LB Amp plates with green colonies indicating the transformation with the original cloning site (replacement not sucessfull), and red colonies showing the sucessfull introduction of pOdd1-4 compatible level 2 adaptor

Komagataeibacter's new backbones (Type IIs compatible):

New backbonesDetailsInternal CodeValidation
BBa_K4435301amplification of BBa_J428346 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI2K to AmpRphenotype
BBa_K4435302amplification of BBa_J428347 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI2M to AmpRphenotype
BBa_K4435303amplification of BBa_J428349 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI4A to AmpR
BBa_K4435304amplification of BBa_J428366 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI6K to AmpRphenotype
BBa_K4435305amplification of BBa_J428367 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI6M to AmpRphenotype
BBa_K4435308amplification of BBa_J428346 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI2K to CmR
BBa_K4435309amplification of BBa_J428347 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI2M to CmRphenotype
BBa_K4435310amplification of BBa_J428349 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI4A to CmR
BBa_K4435311amplification of BBa_J428366 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI6K to CmRphenotype
BBa_K4435312amplification of BBa_J428367 with JUMP_mF and JUMP_mF; amplification of antibiotic resistance marker; Golden gate cloning with SapI6M to CmR
BBa_K4435315add ODD 4 TUs adapter, derived from BBa_J428366: pJUMP42x-2A SpecR Type IIS Level 2 vector. Origin RK2 (broad-host-range);6K_redphenotype
BBa_K4435316add ODD 4 TUs adapter, derived from BBa_J428367: pJUMP43-2A SpecR Type IIS Level 2 vector. Origin pBBR1 (medium-copy, broad-host-range)6M_redphenotype
BBa_K4435317add ODD 4 TUs adapter, derived from BBa_J428369: pJUMP45-2A SpecR Type IIS Level 2 vector. Origin RSF1010 (Broad-host-range)8A_redphenotype
BBa_K4435306add ODD 4 TUs adapter to BBa_K44353046K to AmpR_redphenotype
BBa_K4435307add ODD 4 TUs adapter to BBa_K44353056M to AmpR_redphenotype
BBa_K4435313add ODD 4 TUs adapter to BBa_K44353116K to CmR_redphenotype
BBa_K4435314add ODD 4 TUs adapter to BBa_K44353126M to CmR_red

In addition to the novel backbones we also constructed a range of novel basic parts. The highlight of this collection are gene encoding the light-sensitive transcriptional repressor LexRO (BBa_K4435001) and its associated operon (BBa_K4435016). Unfortunately, these customs parts synthesized by IDT arrived just less than 3 weeks prior to the wiki freeze, which did not allow us time to evaluate their activity in Komagataeibacter. We amplified 1 kb genomic DNA fragments from K. rhaeticus and K. medellinensis that will flank our constructs directing their integration into the bacteria genome directly upstream of either bcsZ or bcsA. We also cloned a series of promotors, RBS, terminator and genes encoding key enzymes in the BC synthesis pathway to allow their overexpression and consequently redirect the metabolic flux towards BC production. Most basic parts have been cloned into pSB1C3 plasmids and await confirmation by sequencing.

New basic parts (constructed; awaiting sequencing results):

New basic partsPart typeBackboneInternal CodeSource
BBa_K4435001CodingpSB1C3CLexROGene synthesis
BBa_K4435002CodingpSB1C3CFLPeGene synthesis
BBa_K4435003CodingpSB1C3Cdgc1Gene synthesis
BBa_K4435004CodingpSB1C3CKr_galU PCRK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435005CodingpSB1C3CKr_pgm PCRK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435006CodingpSB1C3CKr_ndp PCRK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435007CodingpSB1C3CKr_GK PCRK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435008CodingpSB1C3CKm_galU PCRK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435009CodingpSB1C3CKm_pgm PCRK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435010CodingpSB1C3CKm_ndp PCRK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435011CodingpSB1C3CKm_GK PCRK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435012promotorpSB1C3SATUp_aGene synthesis
BBa_K4435013promotorpSB1C3SATUp_bGene synthesis
BBa_K4435014promotorpSB1C3SATUp_cGene synthesis
BBa_K4435015RBSpSB1C3SBTU_RBSGene synthesis
BBa_K4435016promotor with RBSTU4p_RBSGene synthesis
BBa_K4435017terminatorpSB1C3SDTU_termGene synthesis
BBa_K4435020TU (homology arm)pSB1C3CTU4a_CDS_KrK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435021TU (homology arm)pSB1C3CTU4b_CDS_KrK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435023TU (homology arm)pSB1C3CTU4a_CDS_KmK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435024TU (homology arm)pSB1C3CTU4b_CDS_KmK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435022CodingBBF10K_000210FLPsubcloning
BBa_K4435026CodingpSB1C3CgfasPurplesubcloning
BBa_K4435101TU (homology arm)BBa_J428381TU1a_KrK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435102TU (homology arm)BBa_J428381TU1b_KrK. rhaeticus AF1 gDNA
BBa_K4435103TU (homology arm)BBa_J428381TU1a_KmK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435104TU (homology arm)BBa_J428381TU1b_KmK. medellinensis gDNA
BBa_K4435107TU (AmpR+FRT)BBa_J428382TU2aAmpR+FRT

Level 1 and Level 2 composite parts thus combine elements for genomic integration of the LexRO system to control the bcs operon, or combine genes expressing oher key enzymes in the BC synthesis pathway aiming to enhance BC production.

Level 1 composite parts (design stage for most):

Composite parts level 1BackbonePromotorRBSCDSInternal codeDescription
BBa_K4435105BBa_J428381BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435022TU1_FLP
BBa_K4435106BBa_J428381BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435002TU1_FLPe
BBa_K4435129BBa_J428383BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435020BBa_K4435001TU3astrong promotor controling the expression of the light sensitive transcriptional repressor LexRO
BBa_K4435130BBa_J428383BBa_K4435013BBa_K4435020BBa_K4435001TU3bmedium-strenght promotor controling the expression of the light sensitive transcriptional repressor LexRO
BBa_K4435131BBa_J428383BBa_K4435014BBa_K4435020BBa_K4435001TU3cweak promotor controling the expression of the light sensitive transcriptional repressor LexRO
BBa_K4435111BBa_J428384BBa_K4435016BBa_K4435020TU4a_Krsequence corresponding to promotor, LexRO binding site and RBS upstream of bcs operon; 3´ portion of the construct includes 1 kb homology to Komagataribacter rhaeticus AF1, starting at ATG from bcsZ
BBa_K4435112BBa_J428384BBa_K4435016BBa_K4435021TU4b_Krsequence corresponding to promotor, LexRO binding site and RBS upstream of bcs operon; 3´ portion of the construct includes 1 kb homology to Komagataribacter rhaeticus, starting at ATG from bcsA
BBa_K4435113BBa_J428384BBa_K4435016BBa_K4435023TU4a_FKmsequence corresponding to promotor, LexRO binding site and RBS upstream of bcs operon; 3´ portion of the construct includes 1 kb homology to Komagataribacter medellinensis, starting at ATG from bcsZ
BBa_K4435114BBa_J428384BBa_K4435016BBa_K4435024TU4b_Kmsequence corresponding to promotor, LexRO binding site and RBS upstream of bcs operon; 3´ portion of the construct includes 1 kb homology to Komagataribacter medellinensis, starting at ATG from bcsA
BBa_K4435115BBa_J428384BBa_K4435016BBa_K4435025TU4_lex_purplelex operator controlling expression of purple reporter
BBa_K4435120BBa_J428381BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435004Kr_galU_TU1K. rhaeticus AF1 galU_UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
BBa_K4435121BBa_J428382BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435005Kr_pgm_TU2K. rhaeticus AF1 pgm_Phosphoglucomutase
BBa_K4435122BBa_J428383BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435006Kr_ndp_TU3K. rhaeticus AF1 ndp_Nucleoside diphosphate pyrophosphorylase
BBa_K4435123BBa_J428384BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435007Kr_GK_TU4K. rhaeticus AF1 GK_Glucokinase
BBa_K4435124BBa_J428381BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435008Km_galU_TU1K. medellinensis galU_UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
BBa_K4435125BBa_J428382BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435009Km_pgm_TU2K. medellinensis pgm_Phosphoglucomutase
BBa_K4435126BBa_J428383BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435010Km_ndp_TU3K. medellinensis ndp_Nucleoside diphosphate pyrophosphorylase
BBa_K4435127BBa_J428384BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435011Km_GK_TU4K. medellinensis GK_Glucokinase
BBa_K4435128BBa_J428384BBa_K4435012BBa_K4435015BBa_K4435003dgc1_TU4dgc1_diguanylate cyclase

Composite parts level 2 (design stage):

Composite parts level 2BackboneTU1TU2TU3TU4Internal code
BBa_K4435201BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435105BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435115FLP+Lex+Reporter
BBa_K4435202BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435106BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435115FLPe+Lex_strong+Reporter
BBa_K4435203BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435106BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435130BBa_K4435115FLPe+Lex_mid+Reporter
BBa_K4435204BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435106BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435131BBa_K4435115FLPe+Lex_weak+Reporter
BBa_K4435205BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435101BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435111upstream_complete_Kr
BBa_K4435206BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435102BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435112mid_complete_Kr
BBa_K4435207BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435103BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435113upstream_complete_Km
BBa_K4435208BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435104BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435114mid_complete_Km
BBa_K4435213BBa_K4435314BBa_K4435101BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435111upstream_complete_Kr
BBa_K4435214BBa_K4435314BBa_K4435102BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435112mid_complete_Kr
BBa_K4435215BBa_K4435314BBa_K4435103BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435113upstream_complete_Km
BBa_K4435216BBa_K4435314BBa_K4435104BBa_K4435107BBa_K4435129BBa_K4435114mid_complete_Km
BBa_K4435217BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435120BBa_K4435121BBa_K4435122BBa_K4435123Kr_all4
BBa_K4435218BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435124BBa_K4435125BBa_K4435126BBa_K4435127Km_all4
BBa_K4435219BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435120BBa_K4435121BBa_K4435122BBa_K4435128Kr_dgc1
BBa_K4435220BBa_K4435313BBa_K4435124BBa_K4435125BBa_K4435126BBa_K4435128Km_dgc1

Best new basic part candidate: BBa_K4435001

BBa_K4435001 is the codon optimised coding region for the transcriptional repressor LexRO. LexRO is a protein that, under dark conditions, forms dimers and bind to the lex operator in the promotor region of target genes, inhibiting transcription (Li et al., 2020).

Figure 4. FAZER.
Figure 5. FAZER.
Figure 5. FAZER.
Original partLimitationSolutionNew backboneStatus
BBa_J428346Need more markers to transform with different level 1 plasmidsengineer plasmid for AmpRBBa_K4435301Design
BBa_J428347Need more markers to transform with different level 1 plasmidsengineer plasmid for AmpRBBa_K4435302Design
BBa_J428349Need more markers to transform with different level 1 plasmidsengineer plasmid for AmpRBBa_K4435303Design
BBa_J428366SpecR not tested in Komagataeibacterengineer plasmid for AmpRBBa_K4435304Design
BBa_J428367SpecR not tested in Komagataeibacterengineer plasmid for AmpRBBa_K4435305Transformed successfully in Komagataeibacter rhaeticus AF1
BBa_J428369SpecR not tested in Komagataeibacterengineer plasmid for AmpRplanning stage
BBa_J428346Need more markers to transform with different level 1 plasmidsengineer plasmid for CmRBBa_K4435308Design
BBa_J428347Need more markers to transform with different level 1 plasmidsengineer plasmid for CmRBBa_K4435309Design
BBa_J428349Need more markers to transform with different level 1 plasmidsengineer plasmid for CmRBBa_K4435310Design
BBa_J428366SpecR not tested in Komagataeibacterengineer plasmid for CmRBBa_K4435311Design
BBa_J428367SpecR not tested in Komagataeibacterengineer plasmid for CmRBBa_K4435312Design
BBa_J428369SpecR not tested in Komagataeibacterengineer plasmid for CmRplanning stage
BBa_J428366MCS not compatibleBBa_K4435315Design
BBa_J428367MCS not compatibleBBa_K4435316Design
BBa_J428369MCS not compatibleBBa_K4435317Design
BBa_K4435304MCS not compatibleBBa_K44353062 optimization rounds
BBa_K4435305MCS not compatibleBBa_K4435307 2 optimization rounds
BBa_K4435311MCS not compatibleBBa_K4435313planing stage
BBa_K4435312MCS not compatibleBBa_K44353142 optimization rounds